ACADEMIC AND GENERAL NOTE ON DNA MATCHING IN MASS IDENTIFICATION SITUATION

ACADEMIC AND GENERAL NOTE ON DNA MATCHING IN MASS IDENTIFICATION SITUATION


Dear Readers,

What I am writing in this note is an "ACADEMIC AND GENERAL NOTE ON DNA MATCHING IN MASS IDENTIFICATION SITUATION".

The Air India AI-171 Air Crash at Ahmedabad, India; as an example recently, has resulted into a Mass Identification Situation by DNA Matching, without choice, because, the Aeroplane was carrying about 1,25,000 litres of Aviation Fuel (as reported by media reports in the public domain) that had to get burnt after the plane crashed while the human bodies were inside it and on the crash site (the BJ Medical College Hostel Complex at Ahmedabad) where also some of Human Bodies have been casualties. The temperature due to such huge quantity of fuel burning at the crash site having ranged towards 1000 degree C or so, has created complex situation, where the human bodies having been casualties, have been rendered beyond physical recognition, as the human mortal remains are largely charred remains, and in such complex cases there is no other choice to DNA matching of the charred mortal remains of the deceased persons with that of the Best Possible Biological Relationships available, by DNA Sampling and Matching of the both, for identification of the Deceased persons in a situation like the recent Ahmedabad Air Crash.
 
Where the number of casualties are en-masse and the number is very big like the media reports in public domain say that the number of casualties of Ahmedabad Air Crash is around 274 (including both the on board passengers/crew in aeroplane and the lives lost externally on the ground at crash site) the DNA matching is a very complex process. What we read form media reports that some of the relatives of the deceased are getting impatient emotionally to wait to receive the mortal remains, however, the Authorities concerned have also no choice unless the DNA matching is completed, it is really a very complex process, have to be accepted without choice. 

The Process of DNA Matching in such cases is both a combination of Machine Handled and Human Handled Process. Just to give basic idea:

1. Collection of DNA Samples ..... this is a Human handled Process. The better the sample collection, the easier and accurate is the DNA matching. Needless to say, as the sample has to be collected from pin pointed totally and distinctively mortal remains, one of the Best Possible and Closest Possible Biological Relationships should also be available to give the sample for collection ( closest possible biological relationship you can see from the Image placed below). 

2. DNA Extraction and Amplification, DNA Sequencing( to create a DNA Profile) and Initial Comparison ....these are the jobs done by Sophisticated Machines. Initial Comparison of DNA Profiles is done by sophisticated Computer Algorithms to arrive at Potential matches over a database. 

3. Interpretation of Results, Complex Case Resolution and Database Management .... are the jobs of Human Experts. The interpretation of automated analysis, complex case resolution ( removal of ambiguities etc. ) and Database Management of Reference DNA profiles are done by Human Experts for deriving the conclusion.

As said above, the availability of Best Possible and Closest Possible Biological Relationship in life to give a DNA Sample to be matched with a Deceased person's mortal remains, can be a better situation as the higher the % of DNA representation of the biological relationship in life, giving the sample works better. 

The following image by family tree-chart ( DNA representation in a Family Tree Chart of Biological Inheritance Relationship) shows the % of DNA a biological relationship may represent and that can help in DNA matching:

It can also be seen from the above image and family tree chart, if a Biological Relationship representing a higher % of DNA Representation of the Deceased Person, the DNA matching can have better result and may be faster identification without ambiguities to be resolved. 

In case of Ahmedabad Air Crash, as it is reported by media in the public domain; the concerned authorities are working overnight, day and night and on war footing to resolve the identification issues of the deceased persons by DNA matching to handover the retrieved mortal remains of the deceased from the crash site and though it is taking some time due to the complex process involved, in some time the matter is expected to be resolved. Some patience has to be held by all concerned as there is no other choice. 

As I mentioned, I wrote this note as an Academic and General Note for understanding of the Readers based on public domain resources of information available and compiled for the benefit of information of some of the readers who may not be knowing and expecting how complex such a situation could be, however it will get resolved over some time, given the defined methods of science and expertise available presently.  I also add a disclaimer here to make it clear that this note is not for use anywhere otherwise for any other purpose.

With best regards,
Dr. Nimain Charan Biswal,
Mumbai, India 


About the Author : Dr. Nimain Charan Biswal is a B.Sc.(Agri. Science and Technology), M.B.A. and Ph.D.(Management Area ) by qualifications; and he has 39+ years of work experience in Social, both industrial and Development sectors in diversified fields of Social Importance. He has been educated at Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT)-Bhubaneswar, Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) and Gujarat University (with Resource Support of IIM-Ahmedabad). He is further educated at IIM-Calcutta, XLRI-Jamshedpur, Apple Computer Industries and Spar Inc., USA. He has worked for reputed National and International Organizations in Senior/Top Management Capacities at Board level as well as Managing Director and CEO. He is a management expert covering extensive areas from management in Social, industrial sectors, management in Agriculture and Dairy, Management of Cooperatives, Development Management to management of Public Systems. He is a prominent professional of India and known Internationally as well. He is also a Political Strategist. He lives at Mumbai in India.

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